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Topic: 好奇一問~一夫一婦制? A Question about Monogamy among Birds (Read 964 times) |
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pan
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好奇一問~一夫一婦制? A Question about Monogamy among Birds
« on: Dec 7th, 2005, 12:07am » |
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一些鳥像信天翁 丹頂鶴等,
都是一夫一婦制的,
一生最愛一個, 非常專一。 
此現像可以怎樣解釋呢?
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| « Last Edit: Dec 7th, 2005, 10:09pm by Webcreeper » |
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Webcreeper
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Re: 好奇一問~一夫一婦制?
« Reply #1 on: Dec 7th, 2005, 10:08pm » |
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大部份鳥種的配對都是一夫一妻制，但是這並不代表所有夫婦會長相廝守，託付終 身，不少鳥種每年會更換繁殖伴侶，有些更會背著配偶「偷食」。
生物學家會從自然選擇的角度去解釋動物行為，一夫一妻制（包括暫時和終生的） 的好處是可以繁殖出更多後代：如果雄鳥不在外邊「到處留情」，而花時間協助雌 鳥育雛，那麼牠能留下的後代會較多。當然，這種配對策略要有適當的環境配合， 例如當環境中的資源並非均勻分佈，個別雄鳥能夠獨佔優良的領地的時候，便會有 一夫多妻制的鳥種出現。
配對終生的鳥種大都是比較長壽的，例如渡鴉、天鵝、大雁、信天翁、鸚鵡、一些 猛禽等。配對終生的好處是不必花功夫每季另覓對象，省回時間和能量用在繁殖之 上，加上配偶之間建立了長久的合作默契，能夠成功地養出更多下一代。
當然，雀鳥並不懂得計算，理性地決定「從一而終」還是「每季換畫」較好。有「一夫一妻」傾向的個體能夠留下更多的後代，經過千千萬萬年的選擇淘汰，成為了個別鳥種的天性。同樣，對長壽的鳥種來說，能夠和配偶建立持久的關係有利百子千孫，因此產生了「感情專一」的本能。
從這種角度來看，人類之間的「愛」會不會又是自然選擇的產物呢？認同這個道理 會不會貶低了「愛」在人心目中的地位？
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| « Last Edit: Dec 8th, 2005, 8:15am by Webcreeper » |
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>}o-}o- >}o- >}o- .......x
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Jimmy_choi
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Re: 好奇一問~一夫一婦制? A Question about Monogam
« Reply #2 on: Dec 8th, 2005, 1:46pm » |
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'人類之間的「愛」會不會又是自然選擇的產物呢？認同這個道理 會不會貶低了「愛」在人心目中的地位？'
It should not downgrade how we see 'love' in our life, at least for biologists and people who believe in natural selection is the driving force for evolution.
Without natural selection we can't understand and can't explain why we are seeing what we see...
Seeing monogamy and loyalty in birds do not mean 'love' exists in birds. We, as human, too often imply our own standards to other living creatures, describing them as rude, cruel, cute, faithful etc... all are judgements from human standard. Perhaps we are distant from the realistic lifestyle for too long and have already forgotten the essence of being successful. A lot of facinating behaviours that we see in animals are actually their best way to improve their fitness, increase their chance of survival; may that be co-operation, altruism or monogamy...
So next time when you ask why animals are doing what they do, you can probably start looking at how that behaviour may increase their fitness.
It's irrefutable that LOVE exists in human society, only before you read about 'the selfish gene'.
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pan
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Re: 好奇一問~一夫一婦制? A Question about Monogam
« Reply #3 on: Dec 10th, 2005, 1:34am » |
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多謝兩位的討論 
同意jimmy 的看法, 人脫離自然生活太久,
違反自然定律之餘, 還把自己看成萬物之靈, 高高在上,
有權力掌管一切.... 
禽流感一事當中, 死去的禽鳥遠遠比人類多,
但又有誰可憐牠們..
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| « Last Edit: Dec 10th, 2005, 1:36am by pan » |
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