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Topic: Opinion: H5N1 in C. Mynah & Chicken 意見:八哥和雞染上H5N1 (Read 979 times) |
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Opinion: H5N1 in C. Mynah & Chicken 意見:八哥和雞染上H5N1
« on: Feb 2nd, 2006, 5:07pm » |
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Opinion on the occurrence of H5N1 avian flu virus in Crested Myna and a chicken in HK
by HF Cheung
A. Facts
1. Yesterday the HK government announced that the H5N1 virus was found in a food-chicken and a Crested Myna. The chicken was exported illegally from China mainland to a home in Sha Tau Kok on 26 Jan, and is at the same date that the first dead Magpie Robin was found. The Crested Myna was found in Wong Tai Sin, Kowloon.
2. Immediately the level of bird-flu alert was raised to the next level. All aviaries in Hong Kong were closed, and Mai Po was also closed. Chicken found within a 5-km distance of Sha Tau Kok were culled.
B. Comments
1. Crested Myna is a resident of Hong Kong; According to the HKBWS Winter Altas Survey, it was found in about 30% of all the 1km squares in HK. The total number counted was over 4000; It occurs in small flock of 10 to 20 birds. Large flocks of over 200 birds are also possible. It is a lowland bird preferring open areas such as farmland and villages. Its living environment closely resembles that of Magpie Robin (two dead Magpie Robins have contracted H5N1 virus earlier).
2. How do all these birds get their H5N1 virus? Where is the source of the virus found in Hong Kong?
a. The multiple-source hypothesis: This hypothesis assumes that the dead chicken have already contracted the H5N1 virus before being sold to HK. During the Chinese new year, the demand for chicken was very high. Chicken price had risen significantly in HK. If the same situation happened in Guangdong, then there would be chicken from all over China rushing into Guangdong, including chicken from places that already have the H5N1 virus. Because of the date of occurrence, the first dead Magpie Robin and the dead chicken had contracted the virus independently. In this scenario, the primary source of the virus has not been located.
b. The Magpie-Rohin hypothesis: This hypothesis assumes that the primary source of the virus in HK is from the first dead Magpie Robin. From there, it infected the second Magpie Robin and the Crested Myna, and possibly also the dead chicken in Sha Tau Kok.
C. Suggested Actions: After going through all the possible scenarios, I proposed the followings.
1. Under scenarios 2a, the illegal import of any amount of chicken into HK should be stopped. One should trace the source of the chicken for the origin of the virus. The poultry farm and food market in Guangdong and Shenzhen should be checked carefully. I suspect that there is an intense primary source of the virus near or across the border. In this case, the threat to HK will be the most imminent. There will be small number of wild birds carrying the virus appearing in Hong Kong continuously. The chance of stopping the virus would rely on finding the primary source quickly.
2. Under scenarios 2b, I suspect that the dead Magpie Robin may have been infected when wild bird traders transport them from all over China to Guangdong or Shenzhen. If this bird has been sick already, they will not be allowed to enter HK. So it may be released be the traders in a place near to HK. So I like to ask the following questions. For sick birds that are not qualified to enter HK, what would the traders do to them? Is there a system that would stop traders to conceal information of sick and dead bird? Would traders be free to release sick birds on the other side of the border? I propose that the HK, Shenzhen and Guangdong work out proper procedures to deal with this if these procedures are not yet in place.
light blue is 1-69 birds medium blue is 70-138 birds dark blue is 139-277 birds
photo by Henry Lui
photo by Henry Lui
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| « Last Edit: Feb 2nd, 2006, 7:02pm by Webcreeper » |
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martin
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Re: H5N1 avian flu virus in Crested Myna and a ch
« Reply #1 on: Feb 2nd, 2006, 5:43pm » |
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Quote:| the primary source of the virus in HK is from the first dead Magpie Robin. From there, it infected the second Magpie Robin and the Crested Myna, and possibly also the dead chicken in Sha Tau Kok. |
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This is a joke, right?
Could be that source is within trade, maybe just across the border - and yes, maybe chickens being imported to Guangdong resulted in H5N1 arriving too.
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Webcreeper
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Re: Opinion: H5N1 in C. Mynah & Chicken 意見:八哥? size=
« Reply #2 on: Feb 2nd, 2006, 7:07pm » |
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對香港有八哥和雞隻染上H5N1禽流感病毒的意見
張浩輝
A. 事實
1. 昨天本港政府宣佈分別在一只供食用的雞和一只八哥身上發現H5N1病毒，那只雞一 月廿六日從中國大陸非法出口，被帶到沙頭角一家民居，同日亦有第一隻鵲鴝死亡 ，而死去的八哥則在九龍黃大仙發現。
2. 政府馬上將禽流感警戒提升一級，關閉本港所有雀鳥園和米埔，並且集體撲殺沙頭 角五公里範圍以內的雞隻。
B. 意見
1. 八哥在本港屬留鳥，根據香港觀鳥會做的冬季鳥類普查結果，在本港約三成地區（調查將本港劃分為數百個一公里丁方的小格）都有出現，總數超過四千只，常聚集成十到二十只小群一起活動，有時也會有超過二百只的大群。八哥在低海拔地區生活，偏好農地或鄉村等開放環境，和鵲鴝的十分相似（之前已有兩隻死去的鵲鴝染有 H5N1病毒）。
2.這些死去的雀鳥究竟如何染上H5N1病毒？香港的病毒源頭在哪裡？
2a. 「病毒有多個源頭」假說：這個說法假設死去的雞在賣到本港之前已經染上H5N1病 毒。農曆新年期間活雞的需求甚殷，本港的雞價因此提高了不少，如果廣東出現相 同的情況，來自中國各地的活雞會大批流入廣東，來源包括已經出現 H5N1病毒的地區。從第一隻鵲鴝和雞死亡的時間推斷，兩只鳥應該是各自分別染上 病毒，如果這個假設屬實，那麼病毒的來源尚未確定。
2b. 「病毒來自鵲鴝」假說：這個說法假設在本港出現的病毒來自死去的鵲鴝，這隻鳥 身上的病毒感染了死去的第二只鵲鴝和八哥，同時亦可能感染在沙頭角死去的雞。
C. 建議
在檢討多個可能的情況之後，我有以下建議。
1. 針對上述2a 的情況，要阻截所有非法入口的雞隻，同時還要循死雞的來源找尋病毒的源頭，細 心檢查廣東及深圳的家禽養殖場和食品市場。我懷疑邊境以北有一個很大的病毒源 頭，如果屬實，對本港會是很逼切的威脅，本港會因此持續有小量帶病毒的野鳥出 現。要阻止病毒蔓延，一定要儘快找出它的源頭。
2. 針對上述2b 的情況，我懷疑死去的鵲鴝可能被野鳥商人輾轉經中國各地運到廣東或深圳，在途 中已經染病。由於病鳥不能進入本港，鳥販可能會在離本港不遠的地方將鳥放飛， 因此我想提出以下幾個問題。
鳥販會如何處置未能獲准入口的的病鳥？
有沒有防止鳥販隱瞞病鳥死鳥的安排？
鳥販是否可以自由在邊境以外釋放病鳥？
如果目前未有妥善處理的相關程序，我建議香港、深圳和廣東當局應該合力制訂一 套。
八哥在本港的分佈
淺藍色 1-69只 中度藍色 70-138只 深藍色 139-277只
W 中譯
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| « Last Edit: Feb 2nd, 2006, 7:53pm by Webcreeper » |
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